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The price of beluga caviar is determined by several factors, including its rarity, quality, source, and market demand. Beluga caviar is one of the most expensive and sought-after types of caviar in the world, primarily because it is derived from the eggs of the beluga sturgeon, one of the largest and most endangered sturgeon species. Here are some of the key factors that influence the price of beluga caviar:

• Rarity: Beluga sturgeon, found primarily in the Caspian Sea, is a slow-maturing species, and it takes many years for the fish to reach reproductive age. Due to overfishing and habitat destruction, beluga sturgeon populations have drastically declined, making the eggs even more scarce and precious.
  
• Age and size of the sturgeon: The older and larger the sturgeon, the more valuable its eggs are considered. Beluga sturgeon can live for several decades, and caviar from older sturgeon is highly prized for its larger and more delicate eggs.
  
• Quality and taste: The quality of beluga caviar is assessed based on factors such as the size, color, and texture of the eggs, as well as the flavor and aroma. High-quality beluga caviar is known for its large, glossy, and flavorful eggs.
  
• Source and production method: The origin of the caviar can also affect its price. Caviar from reputable and sustainable sources tends to command a higher price. Additionally, the traditional production method, which involves salt curing and careful handling, influences the quality and price of caviar.
  
• Market demand: Like any other luxury product, the price of beluga caviar is influenced by supply and demand dynamics. High demand and limited supply can drive up the price.
  
• Legal regulations and sustainability: International regulations and local laws govern the harvesting and sale of beluga caviar to protect endangered sturgeon species. These regulations can impact the availability and price of caviar.
  
• Brand and reputation: Some caviar producers and distributors have established a strong reputation for consistently delivering high-quality caviar. The brand and reputation of the seller can also affect the price.
  

Due to the rarity and conservation concerns associated with beluga sturgeon, the trade in beluga caviar is subject to strict regulations and international agreements, such as the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). These regulations aim to ensure the sustainable and legal harvesting of sturgeon and their caviar.

In recent years, there has been a push towards the development of sustainable aquaculture practices to produce caviar, which may help alleviate some of the conservation concerns and potentially affect the pricing of beluga caviar in the future.